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ACTA Pharmaceutica Sciencia
2010 , Vol 52 , Num 1
THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF ACORUS CALAMUS ON ACETAMINOPHEN INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN MALE ALBINO RATS
Dept of Biotechnology, Anna Bioresearch Foundation, Arunai Engineering College, Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Acorus calamus (AC) is a traditional medicinal plant that is commonly used for disorder of central nervous system abnormalities. In ayurvedic medicine, it is used for the treatment of insomnia, melancholia, epilepsy, hysteria, loss of memory remittent fevers and neurosis. This plant extract is mainly used for various pharmacological activities like antidiabetic, antiproliferative, immunosuppressive, antidiarrhoeal and hypolipidemic activities. The main constituents of AC were found belonging to monoterpene, sesquiterpene, phenylpropanoid, flavonoid and quinone. The aim of this study was to investigate the nephroprotective and antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of AC at two dose levels of 250 and 500 mg/kg B/W on acetaminophen (APAP) induced toxicity in male albino rats. APAP significantly increased levels of serum urea, hemoglobin (Hb), total leukocyte count, packed cell volume, creatinine, DLC, and mean corpuscular volume, raised body weight, and reduced levels of neutrophils, mean corpuscular Hb content, mean corpuscular hematocrit, granulocytes, uric acid, and platelet Concentration. AC inhibited the hematological effects of APAP. AC significantly increased activities of renal superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase and decreased malondialdehyde content of APAP-treated rats. Apart from these, histopathological changes also showed the protective nature of the AC extract against APAPinduced necrotic damage of renal tissues. In conclusion it was observed that the ethanol extract of AC conferred nephroprotective and antioxidant activities by histopathological and biochemical observations against APAP induced renal damage in rats.
Keywords :
ACORUS CALAMUS, NEPHROTOXICITY, OXIDATIVE STRESS, ACETAMINOPHEN